Gender dimorphism in the association between leisure time sedentary behaviour and odds of metabolic syndrome
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Current emphasis on healthy lifestyle increasingly considers intervening upon sedentary behaviour time as adjunctive to increasing physical activity. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2006 data from 1868 men and 1688 women were used to examine the relationship of leisure time sedentary behaviour (LTSB) and usual occupational/domestic activity (UODA) with metabolic syndrome and individual cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. In comparison to LTSB≤1 hour/day, LTSB≥4 hours/day was associated with odds of having metabolic syndrome of 1.94, as well as with higher odds of elevated waist circumference, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and high blood pressure in men. In women, LTSB≥4 hours/day was associated with odds of having metabolic syndrome of 1.54, but LTSB was not associated with risk for individual CVD risk factors. Higher LTSB was found to be associated with metabolic syndrome in inactive men, active men, inactive women, but not in active women. UODA was not strongly associated with metabolic syndrome and CVD risk factors in either men or women. Thus, high LTSB was associated with higher odds of metabolic syndrome and individual CVD risk factors regardless of meeting physical activity recommendations in men, whereas in women, high LTSB was associated with higher odds of metabolic syndrome only in those not meeting current physical activity recommendations.
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